The Evidence 2 – Supernova effect on sun and earth field
Preface
I must warn the reader that the next topics will be treated in a scientific way, with logic and with some technical details. I made the decision to publish them anyway, even knowing that for the majority of people technical topics are not simple and they keep a distance from them, however, despite everything, I have to give all these descriptions to convince people of what is about to happen.
However, I tried to make the descriptions as simple as possible and simplify them where possible. As for the mathematical calculations, I have moved them to the other sections where, for those who have the skills/knowledge/curiosity, they can read them and form their own beliefs. These sections will be published later.
What official science says
For a long time, official science has always described that supernovae affect the solar system and the earth only if they are at a distance smaller than 50 Light Years (LY). Only recently have hypotheses been put forward that, within a distance of 3000 LY, they can influence slightly the Earth's atmosphere.
The main effects are the partial destruction of the ozone layer of the atmosphere which would result in the increase of high-energy radiation, such as x-rays or cosmic rays, in the terrestrial environment and the related negative consequences on terrestrial life.
This is excerpted from Wikipedia:
“Type I supernovae are considered the most potentially dangerous for Earth. Because they arise from faint white dwarfs, they can form unpredictably in poorly studied star systems. The hypothesis has been put forward that supernovae of this type must be no more than 1000 parsecs (about 3300 light years) away to have effects on Earth[115]. Estimates dating back to 2003 estimate that a Type II supernova would have to be closer than 8 parsecs (26 light years) from Earth to destroy half of its ozone layer.”
A – Official science has always declared the limit of danger to life on Earth caused by a supernova explosion is around 20 light years (increased to 50 light years in recent years).
The Sun and the Earth’s magnetic field
The Earth's magnetic field is due to the rotation of the liquid core (of iron and nickel) which is different from the rotation of the solid crust. The rotation forms a current like a transformer coil on a ferrite cylinder. The ferrite cylinder becomes magnetized and the same applies (obviously I have simplified a lot) for the earth. I will certainly receive criticism here too, but I still remember that I have to explain in a simple way to make everyone understand why everyone can reach conclusions. Details as always in a few months on all the pages listed in the footer.
B – The solar wind is mainly made up of protons and electrons. It travels through space at an average speed of 400 km/s.
C – The Earth’s magnetic field protects us from Solar and Galactic cosmic rays.
D – The Earth’s magnetic field does not correspond to the geographic poles.
From my studies, the solar wind provides the energy necessary for the Earth's core to remain molten and thus produce the magnetic field. All this could be translated into an electrical circuit like the one described below.
Even in this case, official science does not have the same point of view as me. From Wikipedia: “According to recent studies, the core temperature is mostly produced by the spontaneous decay of radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium and potassium.“. Without doing complicated calculations, millions if not billions of years of the earth's magnetic field being produced by the decay of certain atoms seems unlikely to me.
It is much more likely that the energy that reaches us from the Sun, in the form of “solar wind”, is responsible for the heating of the core and the formation of the Earth's magnetic field. I refer you to the complete article for further clarification (they will be ready in a few months).
How does it work
E – The solar wind (cosmic rays) reach the earth and are partly deflected and partly “absorbed” by the poles.
F – The “journey” of the solar wind (cosmic rays) can be schematized with a circuit
G – Even the “journey” of cosmic rays from a supernova can be schematized with a circuit.
I would like to start by saying that I have to explain these things in a simple way to make it accessible to everyone. So I postpone the mathematical details and studies to the articles I will publish in a few months. If anyone is in doubt he will have answers.
Let's see how it works: the Sun (A) emits solar wind made up of charged particles: electrons (Be-) and protons (Bp+) and alpha particles. The average speed is 400 km/sec. Electrons tend towards the South Pole like protons towards the North Pole. Since the particles have a variable speed and density, their effect is like that of an alternating current. So the greater the speed and density, and therefore the greater the frequency of this current. The condensers (C1) (C2) are the atmosphere with its various layers (in a simplified way), the earth's crust and the mantle.
We all know that the capacitor stops the direct current but lets the alternating current pass, therefore, through the alternating current, the solar wind easily passes through the Earth until it reaches the molten core. This current produces heat (Resistance (D)), the heat holds the liquid in the center which, rotating at a different speed compared to the crust, produces a current similar to a coil (E) which produces a magnetic field which serves to limit the incidence of particles at different latitudes to allow life. Be careful though, it is not the particles that enter the center of the earth but rather the current they form, the electric charge they carry.
The heating of the core also causes the expansion of the magma which compresses the crust and causes earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and, in the weakest points, also the movement of the plates.
The circuit has been VERY simplified. An adequate circuit, also calculating the travel time of the solar wind, could allow us to predict earthquakes and volcanoes in the future. Below I have published a series of photos to make you understand how powerful the action of the solar wind is on the earth and on all the planets. The wonderful images from the earth and from space alone speak and make us realize that the energy that comes from those particles enters the planets.
H – The beauty and power of the auroras on Earth.
I – The beauty and power of the auroras on Earth.
J – The beauty and power of the auroras on Earth.
K – Very explanatory image of the aurora on Earth. At the poles the electrical energy of the particles literally enters the Earth. Not the particles but the potential difference.
L – The aurorae on Jupiter are formed despite the great distance from the Sun (about 778 million km). To understand the power, just think that the Earth could be dozens of times inside the circle of the aurora.
M – Large auroras are also formed on Saturn (1 billion and 400 thousand km). The energy that arrives is very high.
Cosmic rays from supernovae
We have seen the effect of the solar wind on the earth. As for supernovae, they emit the same particles as the solar wind only at much higher speeds.
So the circuit on the Earth side remains unchanged but, having the particles at a higher speed, it is as if the capacitors C1 and C2 were thinner, and, at this point, all the energy would go directly to the center of the earth. So even if the number of particles is smaller, they have greater energy.
What causes this: Large earthquakes and volcanoes. Not only that: high-energy particles also act on many other things: on the climate, on life and on the mind. Despite the large distances, I calculated that the cosmic rays emitted by a supernova have a lot of energy: each explosion produces about 3*10^42 Joules (three followed 42 zeros) of cosmic ray energy. This is an amount of energy unimaginable to the human mind.
For example, SN1572 (Thyco Supernova) at a distance of 6000-9,000 light years affected, with an area of 4 light years around the sun, 300 times the energy of the Sun. Obviously this does not count the interstellar absorption. Interstellar absorption at that distance can be even greater than 90%. But there is always so much energy coming. Then, the cosmic rays, coming from a supernova, act immediately and deeper on the Earth's core. For this reason they cause more earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
This is why, from the previous tables we have noted the increase in volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. At this point we can summarize the evidence of the effect of supernovae on the solar system. I refer the detailed explanation with calculations relating to the supernovae page (not yet published).
I invite you to read part 3 of the evidence, with all the related conclusions.
References
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